![]() ![]() ![]() In addition, neutrophils can either contribute to repair mechanisms or exacerbate the pathophysiology of trauma dependent on the stage of injury. However, mounting evidence indicates that neutrophils are non-negligible cells that connect the innate and adaptive immune systems, promote tissue recovery, and play critical roles in anti-inflammation and chronic inflammation responses. ![]() Neutrophils, as the major component of the innate immune system, are regarded as the short-lived players in acute inflammation that fight against the pathogens and cause indiscriminative damage to the tissue. The alteration of immune system post-TBI has been shown to play important roles in the initiation and development of secondary injury after TBI. Secondary injury after primary insult is an important therapeutic window that determines the development and recovery of TBI. Even though the risk factors and primary injury cannot be controlled, secondary brain damage can be reduced. Several risk factors are associated with the development and recovery of TBI, including the age, race, and gender, most of them are unchangeable factors. These complications lead to the economic burden of society and impact the live quality of the individuals and their families. It is an important public health issue considering not only its high mortality rate but also the numerous complications in the patients who survive the injury, such as hospital-acquired infection, injury-related dementia, hemiplegia, and depression. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex injury that causes the marked brain pathology, disruption of the normal function of the brain, and death. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |